Communicating Effectively Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Communicating Effectively - Research Paper Example Boys, on the other hand, are exposed to strong tones and power-filled language and are handled less gently as they are tossed in the air and held upright from a younger age to demonstrate their power and strength (Rasquinha & Mouly, 2005) Maltz and Borker (1982) proposed the Sociolinguistic Subculture Approach. They explain that boys and girls grow up in essentially different talk subcultures resulting from the differing expectations parents and peers direct toward them about acceptable ways to talk. As early as two years of age, children classify themselves and other people as belonging to one of two genders. By age three, girls develop skills at talking earlier than boys and these talking skills are utilized to explore relationships with others. They are more likely than boys to deploy language strategies that demonstrate attentiveness, responsiveness, and support (Leaper, 1991). They develop intimate relationships by selecting a â€Å"best friend† and use language to find common ground with that friend. Boys at the same age are not as verbal. They use more strategies that demand attention, give orders, and establish dominance (Leaper, 1991). They engage in group activities with other boys and test out their ‘high’ and ‘low’ status roles: â€Å"I’m the leader†, â€Å"you follow me†, etc. They establish positions among the group and they are apparently louder, more physical and less verbal than girls (Rasquinha & Mouly, 2005). transition to middle childhood, interaction strategies become more gender-differentiated. Whereas girls become more competent in collaborative strategies, boys stick to their reliance on domineering influence strategies. Deborah Tannen, a professor of linguistics, theorized that as adults, men and women reproduce such behavior patterns. Men engage in one up strategies to position themselves in groups

Karl Marx Essay Example for Free

Karl Marx Essay Karl Marx who was christened ‘the father of modern communism’ was a well renowned philosopher whose ideologies in the political, economy as well as social perspectives were very significant. To Marx, the issue of inequality in society was a major concern and a central point in his ideologies. He blamed the inequality in society on the economic production. (Healey J 2006). He placed more emphasis on the means of production which simply implied the tools or materials used in order to ensure that goods and services were produced and distributed. To Marx, the means of production could vary depending on the prevailing economic system. In cases of agricultural societies, land would be an important means of production while for the industrial society the machinery and equipment, factories as well as the transportation system were the means of production. Marx further noted that societies were dominated by capitalistic tendencies in spite of them being agricultural or industrial. To him there are two major social classes who are in continued struggle or conflict over the means of production. The two major classes are the bourgeoisie who not only own but also control the factors of production and it is also the ruling class. (Healey J 2006). The other class comprises of the proletariat or the working class. Marx believed that conflicts between the two distinct classes were eminent or rather inevitable. The resultant effect was that the proletariat class would over throw the bourgeoisie and an equitable society would be attained. In the new society exploitation and coercion would be a thing of the past. The new society would be a class less society and inequality would be erased and social change would be attained. Marx presented a conflicting society that was characterised by continued class struggle. (Healey J 2006) Healey in ‘Race, Ethnicity, Gender and class’, noted that Max Weber a German sociologist was a major critic of Marx ideologies. He argued that Marx ideology of inequality in society was a very narrow one. To Weber, the inequality problem in society was complex and not as simple as Marx presented it. He was quite categorical that inequalities in society could not be wholly blamed on economic forces. In this regard he noted the cases where people may belong to the elite class in society but lack wealth attached to it or vice versa. Some people may have the wealth but lack the self esteem. (Healey J, 2006) Marx and Weber agreed on the issue of inequalities in society. Weber expounded on Marx ideologies and he in fact adopted other stratification mechanisms regarding inequalities with ownership and control of factors of production which was similar to Karl Marx’s class ideology. Secondly, he brought about the idea of ‘prestige’ where the amount of honour or self esteem given to people by others was highlighted. To Weber, factors like class, family lineage as well as physical appearance affected the amount of prestige or honour to be placed on people by others. The third stratification according to Weber was power or the ability to influence or control others. A person’s stand in political organisation determined how powerful they were in the society. To Weber, the three groups had similar characteristics in the sense that wealthy, prestigious were likely to be more powerful when compared to the poor people in the society. (Healey J, 2006). Both Marx and Weber agreed that the development of capitalism was as a result of accumulated capital. However, they differed on how the accumulation was ensured. Marx was convinced that ‘owners of the means of production or the ‘bourgeois acquired immense capital through expropriation and exploitation of the working class or the proletariat. On the other hand Weber perceived a society where the accumulation of capital was attributed to the dedication, self denial and hard work of the capitalists. As Etzioni – Halevy in ‘Social change’ noted, Weber viewed ‘social change in society as caused not only by the economic factors but also by values and ideas’ (Etzioni – Halery E). Notably, Weber did not underestimate the role of or importance of economic factors in as far as social change in society was concerned. Some of Weber’s viewpoints earned him no fame as they just blended what Marx had earlier presented. The main distinction pertaining his ideologies was his emphasis on the fact that the ‘advent of modern capitalism could not be wholly blamed on the economic factors’. (Etzioni-Halevy J, 1981). To him, values had a very significant role to play and to this regard had to be considered with the same intensity that was attached to economic factors. Important values cited by Weber included achievement – oriented values which worked to motivate the entrepreneurs to work devotedly while negating from consumption to embrace investment. He perceived a society where entrepreneurs would instead of consuming their profits re-invest to earn more profits. (Etzioni-Halery J, 1981) To Marx, social change would be realised when the two conflicting classes were no more or when the working class overthrew the ruling class over the means of production. Weber rejected this view point on the argument that social change was a complex aspect which was affected by the class groupings as well as the varying or diverse status. (Allan K, 2005) The working class according to Marx earned a living by selling their labour to the owners of the means of production or capitalists. There was an eminent exploitation between the two classes in the society. Marx coined the term ‘pauperization’ to mean the process through which the rich became richer as the poor grew poorer. The exploitation was due to the fact that the wages paid to the working class by the capitalists was not equitable to the work or output they produced. Apart from receiving poor pay, the working class in poor conditions that negatively affected their mental as well as physical well being. (Giddens A and Griffiths, 2006). Weber backed Marx idea that the society was characterised by conflicts for power as well as resources. On how the society was structured Weber negated from Marx ideology that economic factors alone had a role to play in its determination. In contrast he noted that other important aspects like status as well as party had a role in class differences. According to Weber they could emerge from other aspects rather than economic forces. He noted that economic differences could arise from other resources rather than property for instance skills, qualifications or credentials. Taylor G and Spencer S, 2004). Weber argued that capitalism was not necessarily the critical factor triggering alienation and deprivation of the working class. Consequently, elimination of the private ownership would not suffice in resolving the inequality issue in the society. Weber blamed the alienation to ‘the omnipotent structures of the bureaucratic rule’ (Hamilton P, 1991). Weber rejected socialism as a way of resolving the problems associated or linked in capitalism.

The Battle Of Iwo Jima

The Battle Of Iwo Jima During World War II on February 19, 1945, the United States of America and the Empire of Japan fought for Iwo Jima, a small island approximately 660 miles away from Japan. Codenamed Operation Detachment by the United States, the battle lasted for 35 days, ending on March 26, 1945, and it remains the largest battle in Marine Corps history, with some 75,144 men being deployed to fight (Frank). The battle of Iwo Jima also marked the first time that American casualties were higher than Japanese casualties in an amphibious assault. American casualties reached 24,733 while Japanese casualties were a little over 21,570 (Frank Naval History). This number was due to the leadership of the Japanese during the battle. The general who was in command of the Japanese forces at Iwo Jima was Lieutenant General Tadamichi Kuribayashi. During the battle for Iwo Jima, Lieutenant General Kuribayashi would show that he was one of Japans finest Generals. In preparation for the upcoming battle, Lieutenant General Kuribayashi chose to focus his defense on the Northern two-thirds of Iwo Jima, instead on the beaches where the United States would land troops (Frank). Kuribayashi knew that Japan would not beat the United States, simply because of the amount of soldiers the United States would send. Knowing this, Kuribayashi decided to not focus his efforts on the southern beaches and lose quickly to a superior American force, but instead Kuribayashi decided to create strong defensive positions on the rest of the island to increase the amount of American casualties. It was Kuribayashis belief that if his forces could inflict enough American casualties, the United States would not be compelled to invade Japan, fearin g that they would lose too many soldiers. In the Pacific Campaign of World War II, the United States used a strategy called island hopping, where the United States would attack a Japanese controlled island, capture it, and then repeat the process until they got to Japan. This was the United States strategy to defeat Japan, and the island of Iwo Jima was the next island to be captured. Iwo Jima was also strategically important because of the airfields located on it (Burrell). Iwo Jima was close enough to Japan where the United States could use the airfields on Iwo Jima to attack Japan through the air with B-29 bombers. This was the main reason why Japan defended the island so heavily. While the island of Iwo Jima was defensively important to the defense of mainland Japan, it was of little offensive importance because by this time Japans strategy was strictly based of the defense of mainland Japan. One Japanese officer described Iwo Jimas offensive relevance as such, Our first line Army and Naval air forces had been exhausted in the recent Philippines Operation. The anticipation to restore our air forces, bringing their combined number to 3,000 planes, could materialize only by March or April and even then, mainly because the types of airplanes and their performance proved to be impracticable for operations extending beyond 550 miles radius, we could not use them for operations in the Bonin Islands area (Burrell). Before the actually land invasion began, the United States bombed the southern part of Iwo Jima, three days before where they would land their troops. This is where American intelligence significantly failed in two ways. It underestimated Kuribayashis forces by at least a third, and completely missed Kuribayashis intent to make his last stand at the north end of the island, instead of facing the Americans head on at the south end. These errors ended up causing the misdirection of the three day bombardment, the heaviest of the war, to the southern landing beaches, instead of focusing on the northern side of the island, where the majority of Kuribayashis forces would be. When the land invasion did begin, Americans forces were met with no resistance by the Japanese. Instead of attacking the landing forces head on, the Japanese waited for the Americans to advance onto the beach, than ambushed them as they closed in towards the Japanese position. Not only did the ambush cause a great number of initial American casualties, it was difficult for the marines to fight back due to the terrain of the beach. Instead of the beach being made out of sand, it was full of volcanic ash, which made it hard for the landing forces to dig into the ground and defend themselves. One marine described it as, trying to fight in a bin of loose wheat (Frank). American forces were able to eventually break the Japanese line, and on February 23, 1945, the southern end of Iwo Jima was captured by American forces. As the United States pushed forward, they were met with heavy resistance from the Japanese who were well fortified and prepared to face the enemy. The more up north the United States went, the harder it became for them to fight. The Japanese had dug many bunkers into the terrain, and were successful at using ambush tactics against the marines which only made their advance more difficult. As the battle continued, marines started better adapting to fighting the Japanese on rough terrain, and with their superior forces drove the Japanese back until they could retreat no more. Marines fought for a long and tiring 35 days until on March 26, 1945, the island was officially said to be secure by American forces. In addition to being a historic battle in World War II, the battle of Iwo Jima has also had a significant effect on American culture. You can see traces of the battle in many art forms and popular media in America. The Raising of the Flag on Iwo Jima, a picture taken by American photographer Joe Rosenthal, depicts five marines and navy corpsman raising the flag on Mount Suribachi, at the southern end of Iwo Jima, on February 23, 1945. The photograph became a symbol for American patriotism during World War II, and the picture was even commemorated by being put on a postage stamp. You can also see the battle depicted in a movie directed by Clint Eastwood called Letters from Iwo Jima. In the movie Clint Eastwood shows the battle of Iwo Jima from the Japanese side, depicting what Japanese soldiers experienced as the battle was fought. The movie won an Academy Award for best sound editing, and was nominated for three more for its depiction of the historic battle. In conclusion, the battle of Iwo Jima was one of the most important battles in the Pacific front World War II. With the United States successfully able to capture the island of Iwo Jima, they acquired the airfields on the island. With these airfields now under United States control, B-29 bombers would now be able to use the island to launch aerial assaults towards Japan, and would be able to use it as a fueling station closer to Japan. The battle also showed the United States how far the Japanese were willing to go to defend their homeland. Out of the initial more than 20,000 force, only 1,083 Japanese soldiers were captured alive (Frank). This showed the United States that Japanese soldiers were willing to fight to the death to defend their home, and that if the United States was planning on invading Japan, the amount of casualties would have been catastrophic.

Great Expectations Essay -- Great Expectations Essays

The novel Great Expectations, by Charles Dickens is a compelling book which many people consider to be one of Charles Dickens’ greatest works. Great Expectations is a novel that has many elements that help the growth and development of Phillip Pirrip, better known as Pip. But none of these elements can be more evident than the kinds of love and their different roles in Pips life. In order to answer how love has influenced Pip’s life we must first define what love is. According to Miss Havisham love is, The different types of love and their roles in Pips life is represented differently by the different characters. The type of love Joe represents in Pips life is the type of love that one can feel between a father and son. Estella represents the lack of love because of the way she treats Pip and the other men in her life. She can also be considered an example of courtly love because of the way she motivated Pip to become a gentleman to win her heart. The type of love that Miss. Havisham represents is selfish love for only oneself. This can be seen by the way she raised Estella to grow up and break the hearts of men. The love that Magwitch represent is compassionate love that is shared between friends, because of the way that Pip treated Magwitch even though he was an escaped convict. Herbert Pocket is also another represents the love that friends have for one another, because he helped add stability Pips life. This is also seen when Pip helped Herbert Pocket reach business success through his donations to his business. Jaggers and Wemmick can also be considered fatherly figures because they helped mentor Pip, and they taught him how to be a gentleman. The love that Biddy represents is both an example of romantic love and the love tha... ... social mobility in England. Despite of all of the obstacles that got in Pips way he was still able to make something of himself other than a mere village blacksmith. The love between friends that was shown by Magwitch gave Pip all of the financial and social resources Pip required in order to allow him to pursue his dream of becoming a person of class. Estella impacts Pip through her lack of love because of the way she cruelly manipulates men into loving her only to later betray them. Miss Havisham’s love of herself enables her to seek revenge through her step-daughter Estella without regard to the suffering she caused to both Pip and Estella. Because of the love some of these characters show to Pip he is able to realize that wealth and your position on the social ladder does not make you a good person, and it can stop you from seeing the finer things in life. Great Expectations Essay -- Great Expectations Essays The novel Great Expectations, by Charles Dickens is a compelling book which many people consider to be one of Charles Dickens’ greatest works. Great Expectations is a novel that has many elements that help the growth and development of Phillip Pirrip, better known as Pip. But none of these elements can be more evident than the kinds of love and their different roles in Pips life. In order to answer how love has influenced Pip’s life we must first define what love is. According to Miss Havisham love is, The different types of love and their roles in Pips life is represented differently by the different characters. The type of love Joe represents in Pips life is the type of love that one can feel between a father and son. Estella represents the lack of love because of the way she treats Pip and the other men in her life. She can also be considered an example of courtly love because of the way she motivated Pip to become a gentleman to win her heart. The type of love that Miss. Havisham represents is selfish love for only oneself. This can be seen by the way she raised Estella to grow up and break the hearts of men. The love that Magwitch represent is compassionate love that is shared between friends, because of the way that Pip treated Magwitch even though he was an escaped convict. Herbert Pocket is also another represents the love that friends have for one another, because he helped add stability Pips life. This is also seen when Pip helped Herbert Pocket reach business success through his donations to his business. Jaggers and Wemmick can also be considered fatherly figures because they helped mentor Pip, and they taught him how to be a gentleman. The love that Biddy represents is both an example of romantic love and the love tha... ... social mobility in England. Despite of all of the obstacles that got in Pips way he was still able to make something of himself other than a mere village blacksmith. The love between friends that was shown by Magwitch gave Pip all of the financial and social resources Pip required in order to allow him to pursue his dream of becoming a person of class. Estella impacts Pip through her lack of love because of the way she cruelly manipulates men into loving her only to later betray them. Miss Havisham’s love of herself enables her to seek revenge through her step-daughter Estella without regard to the suffering she caused to both Pip and Estella. Because of the love some of these characters show to Pip he is able to realize that wealth and your position on the social ladder does not make you a good person, and it can stop you from seeing the finer things in life.

European Advertising vs. American Advertising

Research Paper ARS 230 The main aspect of advertising is to ‘get more bang for the buck’, to make it aesthetically pleasing to the eye and gain the viewer’s attention. Throughout the years, advertising has varied in many ways from catchy slogans to iconic logos. Some may say there is nothing wrong with a little healthy competition, but what if one area is gaining the benefits slightly different than the others because of their boldness?American and European advertising are very different culturally as well as aesthetically. There has always been a cultural difference in the style of advertising between America and Europe, whether it is sexual content, trend or originality. A striking boldness seems to be a trending approach in Europe, while classic reason takes a hold of America. Researchers have said that one main difference between American and European advertisements is that European ads use emotional blackmailing while American ads reason for you.Both European and American advertising benefit in marketing, it is simply just a matter of effectiveness based on the audience. When comparing the two cultures of advertisement, American versus European, it is safe to say that no one approach is better, just simply different. It is compared as emotion versus product. America is focused on selling the product and comparing it to other competitors whereas Europe is more focused on the emotion and beauty of the actual advertisement. â€Å" A trend is at work that has gone much further in the United States than in Europe.The trend has been manifested in recent decades by a dramatic growth in the number of separate brands and brand variants, a proliferation that has had a deadening effect on American advertising,† (Jones). America is effective because of the number of brands that are produced and compared where Europe is more effective by staying loyal to their brands and elaborating on commercial advertising. Looking at an advertisement in Eu rope may catch your eye because of the boldness. Europe is well known for using sexual nudity to promote a product, simply because ‘sex sells’.Approaching advertising in a different light would be emotionally. In America, advertising can be described as hard selling. Hard selling is a campaign or advertisement that is direct, forceful and straight to the point. For example while watching an American seatbelt warning on Youtube, the commercial is simply based on the motto, â€Å"Click it or Ticket†, showing average people driving their cars and getting pulled over by officers and receiving a ticket and fine. The commercial is to the point and straight forward, showing almost no emotion.The approach that American marketing companies have used is effective by saying ‘If you don’t’ wear your seatbelt, then you will be forced by law to pay a fine’. Similarly compared to the American commercial is the European commercial’s motto, †Å"Heaven Can Wait†, is an emotional grasp on losing your life over not wearing your seatbelt. Although the two are trying to deliver the same idea, the European method seems to make a gentler or softer appeal to the viewer by incorporating emotion and reality into the grand scheme.The emotion, fear, is incorporated into this commercial and motivates the audience to action. We as viewers can see how both American and European advertising is very successful; it is hard not to view one as more effective. Another aspect of advertising that can differentiate the two cultures is the aesthetics of line and color. For instance, the simple crisp lines of the Nike logo, demonstrates an iconic swoosh and flat one dimensional color paired with the logo â€Å"Just do it,† that subconsciously stays in your mind and makes you feel like you can be an athlete yourself.This portrays a basic and simple, yet straight to the point kind of approach. In Europe you can see a trend of color blo cking and also an artist like logo. â€Å"The American advertisers use more words and headlines, when many European ones use more images and illustrations; they try to find images, which in the best way, without any words, will communicate ideas that stand behind them† (SYL). This can be described as verbal versus visual. There are many ways to compare the two continents when discussing advertising.Although no one culture is wrong, American advertising seems to feel more effective than European because you simply have more product. American and European advertising are both aesthetically visual and promotionally advertised. Weather the culture or continent, no product or company could be formally published without the beauty of advertisement.Bibliography University. , John Philip Jones; John Philip Jones Is A Professor At The Newhouse School Of Public Communications, Syracuse. â€Å"FORUM; Why European Ads Are More Amusing. † The New York Times. The New York Times, 07 Oct. 990. Web. 22 Oct. 2012. <http://www. nytimes. com/1990/10/07/business/forum-why-european-ads-are-more-amusing. html>. Gonzalez, Mario V. â€Å"American vs. EuropeanA  Advertising. † Marketing WebCafA ©. WordPress, 24 Feb. 2011. Web. 22 Oct. 2012. <http://marketingwebcafe. wordpress. com/2011/02/24/european-vs-american-advertising/>. â€Å"Comparison of American and European Advertising. † Comparison of American and European Advertising Style. SYL, 10 Oct. 2006. Web. 19 Oct. 2012. <http://www. syl. com/bc/comparisonofamericanandeuropeanadvertisingstyle. html>

Heart of darkness 8

Heart of darkness 8 Heart of Darkness, written by Joseph Conrad is a landmark of modern fiction. It is onsidered to be one of the greatest works of literature of its time. In Heart of Darkness, a boat is anchored in the Thames River outside London. A sailor by the name of Marlow begins to reminisce of a certain incident in his past, when he commanded a steamboat on the Congo River. This reflection forms the plot of the novel. In his yarn, Marlow aspires to explore the uncharted African jungles. His aunt arranges for him to be captain of a Congo steamer. When Marlow reaches the Company's Outer Station in Africa, he is confronted with white greed and black slavery. He discovers disease ridden African workers awaiting their death. He also meets the Company's chief accountant. The accountant tells of Mr. Kurtz who is and agent who has sent more ivory back from the jungle than the other agents combined.Le vapeur â€Å"Roi des Belges† dans le Haut-Congo ...Marlow becomes obsessed with Kurtz throughout the remainder of the story. Marlow arrives at the Company's Central Station, following a difficult 200-mile tramp. Upon arrival, he learns that the steamer he was supposed to command has been wrecked. He meets the local manager, who has no moral sensibility, only business sensibility. He mentions that Mr. Kurtz may be ill at his station upriver and that it is fundamental to reach him as soon as possible. Marlow learns a great deal about Kurtz in the time spent waiting for his steamer to be repaired. At one point he talks to a brick maker, who feels that Kurtz is admirable, yet he is resentful towards him because of his many talents which make him a likely candidate for promotion. On another occasion, Marlow overhears a conversation between the manager and his uncle, an explorer. The...

STAT 1350, Quiz #4, Summer 2014Name ______________ Essays

STAT 1350, Quiz #4, Summer 2014Name ______________ Essays STAT 1350, Quiz #4, Summer 2014Name _______________________________________ 1. Confounding often defeats attempts to show that one variable causes changes in another variable. Confounding means that A) this was an observational study, so cause and effect conclusions are not possible. B) the effects of several variables are mixed up, so we cannot say which is causing the response. C) we don't know which is the response variable and which is the explanatory variable. D) we would get widely varied results if we repeated the study many times. Ans: B 2. Which of the following are the three principles of experimental design? A) Confound, Randomize, Small Samples B) Confound, Randomize, Large Samples C) Control, Randomize, Small Samples D) Control, Randomize, Large Samples Ans: D 3. The most important advantage of experiments over observational studies is A) experiments are usually easier to carry out. B) a well-designed experiment can give good evidence that the treatments actually cause the response. C) an experiment can compare two or more groups. D) we can use randomization to avoid bias in designing an experiment. E) we can study the relationship between two or more explanatory variables. Ans: B 4. A psychologist recently said that, "For relatively mild medical problems, the placebo effect will produce positive results in roughly two-thirds of patients." The placebo effect is A) the bias due to voluntary response in a sample. B) the effect of a dummy treatment on a patient. C) a violation of comparative experimentation. D) the effect of confounding in an observational study. Ans: B 5. To control for the power of suggestion when a subject takes an experimental drug, use A) a placebo. C) double blinding. B) blocking. D) probability sampling. Ans: A 6. The reason that block designs are sometimes used in experimentation is to A) prevent the placebo effect. B) allow double-blinding. C) reduce sampling variability. D) eliminate sampling variability. Ans: C 7. We say that the design of a study is biased if which of the following is true? A) We suspect racial or sexual prejudice. B) The study assigns subjects at random to a placebo. C) The study systematically favors certain outcomes. D) The study fails to use blocking. E) The study is double-blind. Ans: C 8. The basic ethical requirements for any study of human subjects are A) comparison, randomization, and replication. B) approval by a review board, informed consent, and confidentiality of data. C) subjects are anonymous, subjects are randomly chosen, and subjects cannot be harmed. D) data production, data analysis, and inference. Ans: B 9. The student-run newspaper asks students to visit a web page and respond to questions regarding a proposed tuition increase. Only responses to the questions are recorded. Summary statistics based on the survey responses are used in an article published the following week, and no one outside of the newspaper has access to the individual responses. The newspaper's survey is considered to be A) anonymous. B) confidential. C) both anonymous and confidential. D) neither anonymous nor confidential. Ans: C 10. A psychologist says that scores on a test for "authoritarian personality" can't be trusted because the test counts religious belief as authoritarian. The psychologist is attacking the test's A) validity. B) reliability. C) margin of error. D) confidence level. Ans: A 11. During a visit to the doctor, you are weighed on a very accurate scale. You are weighed five times and the five readings are essentially the same. When being weighed, you are wearing all of your clothes and a pair of hiking boots. As a measure of your weight without clothes, the reading on the scale is A) unbiased and reliable. D) biased and unreliable. B) unbiased and unreliable. E) biased and reliable. C) 95% accurate. Ans: E 12-13. A student's research shows that there were more suicides in 2010 than there were in 1910. He concludes that people were less likely to commit suicide in 1910 than in 2010. 12. Why is it not valid to use these two numbers to compare suicides in these two years? A) People were happier in 2010 than they were in 1910. B) The numbers were compiled by a student instead of by a professional researcher. C) The U.S. population increased substantially from 1910 to 2010. D) One shouldn't compare years that are so far apart. Ans: C 13. What would be a more appropriate or valid measure for this comparison? A) Compare the number of suicides in 1900 and 2000. B) Compare the suicide rates (percentages) for 1910 and 2010. C) Compare the number of suicides in those years, grouped by region. D) Compare the number of people who don't commit suicide

SOAL UTN 1 2016 PPG ANGKATAN IV Essays - Education, Free Essays

SOAL UTN 1 2016 PPG ANGKATAN IV Essays - Education, Free Essays SOAL UTN 1 2016 PPG ANGKATAN IV (1) . it is acquired from society. We are born with the capacity to make 40 sounds. Our genetics allows our brain to make associations between sounds and objects, actions, or ideas. (2) a baby's babbling sound " ma -ma-ma" become "mama" and then mother. The appropriate sentence for the blank space (1) in the text is Language is not genetically inherited Language is a means of leaning things Language is god's special gift to humans Language is humans' ability to communicate The appropriate sentences for the blank space (2) in the text is.. Our children learn a language naturally Language learning is obviously creative There is unique process of language learning Our brain capabilities allow the creation of language. The best order of the following jumbled sentences is Much o f this information already exist or we may need to seek additional feedback with help from the university teaching center. Knowing what and how to change requires us to examine relevant information on our own teaching effectiveness Small, purposeful changes driven by feedback and our priorities are most likely to be manageable and effective Teaching requires adapting. Based on such data, we might modify the learning objectives, content, structure, or format of a course or otherwise adjust our teaching. We need to continually reflect on our teaching and be ready to make changes when appropriate. 4 - 6 - 2 - 1 - 5 - 3 4 - 5 - 1 - 3 - 2 - 6 4 - 6 - 5 - 2 - 1 - 3 4 - 2 - 5 - 1 - 3 - 6 Born in Amherst, Massachusetts, Emily Elizabeth Dickinson was the middle child of a prominent lawyer and one term United States congressional representative, Edward Dickinson, and his wife , Emily Norcross Dickinson. From 1840 to 1847, she attended the Amherst Academy, and from 1847 to 1848, she studied at the mount Holyoke Famale Seminary in South Hadley, a few miles from Amherst. With the exception of a trip to Washington, D.C, in the late 1850s and a few trips to Boston for eye treatments in the early 1860s, Dickinson remained in Am herst, living in the same house on main streetfrom 1855 until her death. During her lifetime, she published only about 10 of her nearly 2,000 poems, in newspapers, Civil war Journals and a poetry anthology. The first volume of Poems of Emily Dickinson, edited by Thomas Higginson and Mabel Todd, was published in 1890. The Female Seminary where E.E. Dickinson used to study was In the southern part of Massachusetts Far away from the Amherst Academy Close to her parents' hometown On Main Street of South Hadley The text implies that Emily Elisabeth Dickinson Liked to travel a lot Was a productive poet Lived alone in her hometown Published her own literary works It can be assumed that Poems of Emily Dickinson was Published Posthumously In newspaper During her lifetime During the civil war Teacher should ensure that students are seeking to reach an agreement on the answers in the questions. Not (1.) entire share their ideas with e ach other. Randomly choose two or three students to give 30 second summaries of their discussions. Such individual accountability ensures that the pairs take the tasks (2) seriously. Periodically, the teacher should structure a discussion of how effectively the pairs are learning (3 ) Jointly The appropriate to antonym of the underlined word (2) in the text is. Carelessly Partially Slightly Hastily The appropriate to antonym of the underlined word (1) in the text is. Partly Neutrally Separately Individually The appropriate to antonym of the underlined word (3) in the text is. Individually Mutually Equally Evenly The process of surface irrigation can be described using four phases. As water is applied to the top end of the field it will flow or advance over the field length. The advance phase refers to that length of time as water is applied to the top end of the field and flows or advances over the field length. After the water reaches the end of the field it will either run-off or start to pond. The period

Portfolio of Festivals and Events Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Portfolio of Festivals and Events - Essay Example Among the members of its member are renowned business organizations like Nokia, Sprint, IBM, and Makewave and ProSyst. With its quest in providing specification, reference implementations, test suites, and certification to foster a valuable cross-industry ecosystem, it conducts a four day community event which it refers to as OSGi Alliance Community Event. This four day event highlights the technology of the organization and the services that it offers. It is especially targeted to developers and business decision makers who will "gain valuable and actionable information and instruction" (OSGi Alliance Community Event 2007). OSGi prepares the event for the benefit of a company which also capitalizes on technology for survival and success. Members and non-members alike are invited to join this In the current year, this community event is hosted by Siemens and is conducted from June 26-28. The event is described as "value-packed" because it features lightning talks, business practices, and business patterns. Having members which are in the forefront of technological advancements it also provides keynotes from thought and industry leaders. Enhancing this event are the presentations by OSGi Alliance CTO BJ Hargrave and Evangelist Peter Kriens (OSGi Alliance Community Event 2007). In order to include all the essential functional departments in a business organization, the community event requires three participants from member companies. The first day which is June 26 becomes a Marketing Committee Meeting while June 27 and 28 are Members Only and Expert Group Meetings, respectively (OSGi Alliance Community Event 2007). In order to join the event, participants are required to fee registration fees according to their status in relation to OGSi: non-members pay 500; associate members pay 450; while full members pay 400. It should be noted that the aforementioned fees will cover only the materials and activities and are exclusive of accommodation fees. This year's event is conducted in Munich (OSGi Alliance Community Event 2007). 2. Sporting Event: All Star NBA Game Widely regarded one of the greatest gathering of basketball stars that are playing the current game, the players selected to represent the Eastern and Western conferences via votes of the public and the NBA coaches have to prove themselves worthy of their selection in this game. As the highlight of the NBA All-Star Week, basketball points scored in this game are normally fast and furious, with lots of slam dunks and creative plays for the excitement of the fans being made by the players. In this game, the players

Defining Racial Profiling and Utilitarian Argument Essay

Defining Racial Profiling and Utilitarian Argument - Essay Example The article will also deals with delineating the incongruence in the arguments in favor of racial profiling and reinforce the arguments against racial profiling. Finally, it will be argued that a number of utilitarian objections that have been leveled against racial profiling are impenetrable by those that support racial profiling that. Definition of Racial Profiling In order to maintain the logical soundness and defensibility of any argument, one must clearly define racial profiling the before marching into any discussion about the moral problem it poses. The term â€Å"racial profiling† was coined to criticize certain abusive investigation methods of the police force and, as a result, has widely been associated with being unjust and the unjustifiable (Gross & Livingston, 2002). In this essay, however, the term will be used without any bias and the implication of illegitimacy. When racial profiling will be referred in the article, it would be on the basis of Risse and Zechhau ser’s (2004) broad definition that will be introduced later in the article. Ramirez (2000) defines racial profiling as â€Å"any police-initiated action that relies on the race, ethnicity, or national origin, rather than the behavior of an individual or information that leads the police to a particular individual who has been identified as being, or having been, engaged in criminal activity.† Here, the definition puts together race, ethnicity, and nationality along with the use of an individual’s behavior or information. By doing so, Ramirez describes profiling in a way seeks moral disapproval against the complete reliance on race and ethnicity in police investigation. It is clear that according to this definition, the unjustified racial profiling is when the race and ethnicity are the sole motivation for a police action (Risse & Zeckhauser, 2004). Despite its general soundness at a first glance, the definition fails to consider the cases that involve a combinat ion of race and information (Risse & Zeckhauser, 2004). Hypothetically, if the police stopped disproportionately more blacks than whites for petty violations of the law, such as driving with a broken tail light or exceeding a speed limit by 10mph, it should be considered racial profiling. However, Ramirez’s definition cannot be used to establish whether this case is racial profiling or not because in this example, both race and information are used in the police action (Risse & Zeckhauser, 2004). On the other hand, Risse and Zeckhauser (2004) define racial profiling in a more comprehensive manner by suggesting that racial profiling is â€Å"any police-initiated action that relies on the race, ethnicity, or national origin and not merely on the behavior of an individual.† Through this definition, it can be deduced that racial profiling is when police action relies on a combination of information and race to punish those involved in committing crime. Tests for Justified Racial Profiling Even though, Risse and Zechhauser’s definition of racial profiling is comprehensive and helpful in understanding the kind of police action that

Portfolio essay for Theories of Human rights class

Portfolio for Theories of Human rights class - Essay Example The UN’s first peacekeeping mission was in Darfur which was delayed as result of the disapproval from the government of Sudan but the UN has successfully implemented two resolutions in 1970 and 1973 with the backing of the state leaders and the international community with a favourable attitude towards resolutions to maintain peace. All the possible means to protect the civilians are used in the case of Libya and it is also true that the present Libyan resolutions authorise the use of force more explicitly and therefore it stands apart from other recent interventions with an objective to protect the people. The UN Intervention in Libya could be observed as a consolidation of norms for the protection of people dependant on the recommendations of the Security Council to the International Criminal Court regarding the situations in Libya. It was in the case of Darfur that the Security Council made a recommendation to the ICC inquest on a matter for the first time but the recommend ation has been made two years since the beginning of the crisis. But all the members of the Council were quick and united in referring the Libyan matter to the ICC.

Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 6

Art - Essay Example It is here that the actual relevance of intention of one’s understanding of art lies. Spectators ignore the intentional contribution of the photographer, devalues the art representation and its creator, as a medium of artistic creation (Jonathan Friday, p.67, 2002). One of the most well-known and controversial artists of contemporary world goes by the name of Yoko Ono. Born in Japan, Yoko Ono is known more because of her marriage to John Lennon. However, one cannot take away the brilliance of this artist, who through her art embraced a wide range of media; defying traditional boundaries and creating new forms of artistic expression. Her works include, objects and installations; film and video; music and performance art. YES YOKO ONO was one exhibition where Yoko’s talent was on display. It offered for the first time, a comprehensive reevaluation of Ono’s works, exploring her position in postwar international avant-garde, and her critical and influential role in originating forms of cutting-edge art, music, film, and performance. The exhibition portrayed Yoko’s role in Fluxus, an avant-garde movement in New York in the early 1960s, her contributions to Conceptual art in New York, London, and Tokyo, her concerts, films, vocal recordings, public art, which included her works made with John Lennon, and finally, her interactive installations and site-specific art. The exhibition, YES YOKO ONO, is on an interactive installation known as Ceiling Painting, a work where, the viewer is invited to climb a white ladder, on the top of which is a magnifying glass dangling by a chain from a frame on the ceiling. The viewer has to use the reading glass to read the ‘instruction’ beneath the framed sheet of glass, which says, ‘Y E S.’ It was through this work that Ono met her future husband and longtime collaborator, John Lennon. The Installation for the Ceiling

Discussion Questions WK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discussion Questions WK - Essay Example If we were to measure over a specific period of time, we would see that these two variables could be measured in the environment and to have sustained about an equal amount of pollution over time, considering that the amount of pollution to each variable would be constant. These variables would then be said to be correlational. In that sense, one sees that these variables are good examples. Question 2: ?If a researcher were studying the effects of a teaching method on patient learning outcomes, how must he or she word the research question (different from the hypothesis) to use a t-test to test for statistical differences? What type of data must he or she collect ( interval, ratio, ordinal, nominal)? Why? *Hint: An example of a research question is: Will drug B do a better job of curing acne then drug A? (250 words) In order to do any kind of experiment, one must have a control subject. In order to keep this particular study viable for the control part of the experiment, a t-test mus t be conducted. According to Allen (2004), â€Å"Under a set of assumptions that are usually referred to as the Gauss-Markov conditions, the t test can be used to test the significance of a regression†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (pp. 66).

Left Realism Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Left Realism Theory - Essay Example Contribution of Left Realism in the development of criminology can help shape society in a better way. Left Realism set down a marker with the work of Lea and Young (1984). Left realism is a reaction against both left's tendency to neglect victimisation among working class people and the conservatives' extremely harsh social strategies. It is a perspective that attempts to explain and measure street crime and propose short term policies to control it. It is an attack on left idealists who offer simplistic analyses based heavily on instrumental Marxist and feminist views of the state and law, but who ignore street crime and offer no practical proposal for change. One of the basic elements of Left Realism theory is Left realists see working class crime as a serious problem for working class. Working class people are victimised from all directions in a capitalist society. Another element is Relative Deprivation: Poverty experienced as unfair (relative depravation when compared to someone else) creates discontent and discontent when there is no political solution leads to crime. So, relative depravation equals discontent, discontent plus lack of political solution equals crime. One of left realisms most substantial contributions to criminology is the sq

Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 6

Art - Essay Example It is here that the actual relevance of intention of one’s understanding of art lies. Spectators ignore the intentional contribution of the photographer, devalues the art representation and its creator, as a medium of artistic creation (Jonathan Friday, p.67, 2002). One of the most well-known and controversial artists of contemporary world goes by the name of Yoko Ono. Born in Japan, Yoko Ono is known more because of her marriage to John Lennon. However, one cannot take away the brilliance of this artist, who through her art embraced a wide range of media; defying traditional boundaries and creating new forms of artistic expression. Her works include, objects and installations; film and video; music and performance art. YES YOKO ONO was one exhibition where Yoko’s talent was on display. It offered for the first time, a comprehensive reevaluation of Ono’s works, exploring her position in postwar international avant-garde, and her critical and influential role in originating forms of cutting-edge art, music, film, and performance. The exhibition portrayed Yoko’s role in Fluxus, an avant-garde movement in New York in the early 1960s, her contributions to Conceptual art in New York, London, and Tokyo, her concerts, films, vocal recordings, public art, which included her works made with John Lennon, and finally, her interactive installations and site-specific art. The exhibition, YES YOKO ONO, is on an interactive installation known as Ceiling Painting, a work where, the viewer is invited to climb a white ladder, on the top of which is a magnifying glass dangling by a chain from a frame on the ceiling. The viewer has to use the reading glass to read the ‘instruction’ beneath the framed sheet of glass, which says, ‘Y E S.’ It was through this work that Ono met her future husband and longtime collaborator, John Lennon. The Installation for the Ceiling

Left Realism Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Left Realism Theory - Essay Example Contribution of Left Realism in the development of criminology can help shape society in a better way. Left Realism set down a marker with the work of Lea and Young (1984). Left realism is a reaction against both left's tendency to neglect victimisation among working class people and the conservatives' extremely harsh social strategies. It is a perspective that attempts to explain and measure street crime and propose short term policies to control it. It is an attack on left idealists who offer simplistic analyses based heavily on instrumental Marxist and feminist views of the state and law, but who ignore street crime and offer no practical proposal for change. One of the basic elements of Left Realism theory is Left realists see working class crime as a serious problem for working class. Working class people are victimised from all directions in a capitalist society. Another element is Relative Deprivation: Poverty experienced as unfair (relative depravation when compared to someone else) creates discontent and discontent when there is no political solution leads to crime. So, relative depravation equals discontent, discontent plus lack of political solution equals crime. One of left realisms most substantial contributions to criminology is the sq

Annie’s Advice Quotes Essay Example for Free

Annie’s Advice Quotes Essay Dear Annie, The other day, I got Chinese take-out and the lady at the till offered me a cookie and told me that the fortunes actually come true. The cookie told me I was gonna be king! I immediately knew it was referring to homecoming king at the dance next Saturday, but the surprising thing was that it seemed like everyone was already voting for one of my friends, the captain of the football team. He IS the most popular guy in school. But I really wanna be king too! My girlfriend thinks I should embarrass my friend so that he loses some popularity votes, but if people find out it was me, it could really hurt my reputation. I don’t know what to do-please help! -Wannabe King Dear Wannabe, I have two things to say to you. Firstly, I don’t believe in fortune cookiesespecially ones that say you’ll become king, secondly, get a new girlfriend! The cookie merely states what might happen, you shouldn’t take it too seriously and definitely don’t take matters into your own hands. If it is saying the truth then you’ll become homecoming king and if the â€Å"Chinese prophecies† are wrong, you won’t. As someone once said, Theres no use trying to rush fate, because the best things in life are worth the wait. You’ll live both ways so I don’t know why your girlfriend is guiding you to the wrong path especially when it would hurt a friend. If you possess the qualities of a king you might eventually become one! -Annie Dear Annie, My friend and I love playing soccer, he was really enthusiastic and always thought of the better of the team, therefore he was voted captain of our school’s soccer team. He was super thrilled, and so was Iat first. As I watched him at practice he began to act differently. He started bossing us around and would get really frustrated when we messed up. As captain he decided he had the authority to put people down, including his friends. I am really worried for him because he’s losing his friends and if he keeps going at this rate he might even be kicked off the team. I really want to help him but I don’t know how. I have a feeling his hubris is getting to him. Do you have any suggestions on how I could help? -Worried friend Dear Worried, WhoaHUBRIS? I have to admit, I looked that up. But I agree; that is a great way to describe your friend’s situation. Read the quote of the day above. Things like this are bound to happen when you get power. Mr. â€Å"Captain† over there has some overflowing pride in him which is making him act like a jerk. Have a talk with him, tell him how you feel the team is breaking apart and bring forward the consequences he might have to face in case things go out of hand. I am sure he will understand and kudos to you for looking out for him! -Annie Dear Annie, The girl I have a crush on forgot to do her homework, so to impress her, I gave her mine. But then I didn’t have my own work and the teacher would get really mad at me so I stole Kevin’s (a classmate). I’m really afraid that he will find out and snitch on me. Whenever he walks up to me I get really nervous and make sure nothing gives it away. I really can’t get it off my mind. I know I shouldn’t have done it in the first place and I’m really disappointed that I tried to impress my crush like that, I didn’t know the consequences! How should I deal with it? I feel like I will never be forgiven. I don’t usually do things like this. Should I fess up? Should I just deal with the fear? Help me! -P.I.M.P. (Pissing In My Pants) Dear P.I.M.P., Creative name there, is the irony intended? I’m guessing you’re still young, you don’t need to sacrifice something to earn a girls respect. She should like you for who you are. It was your fault and your decision that led to the cost. Make sure you think before you act in life and apologize to your classmate and teacher, they will understand, people make mistakes. Some detention is better than dealing with the guilt and paranoia. Next time think about, if what you gain is worth the consequences. -Annie Dear Annie, I was recently offered a job to be a director at a large multinational company, but I am hesitating to accept it. My fiancà ©e thinks it is a really good opportunity and is pushing me towards it. The company already has a director but they requested me to join as I have higher qualifications. Accepting the offer would get the current director fired. I agree that it’s a good opportunity but I’d hate to do that to someone for my own purposes when I already have a decent job. My fiancà ©e keeps threatening our wedding and whether I am capable of supporting her and her future children. She has basically dictated that if I do not take the offer she will no longer have respect for me. I really love her and want to see her happy, should I be agreeing with her? -Future Groom? Dear Future Groom, You’re a groom not a broom! Talk it out with your fiancà ©e and make her understand that your current job will keep her and YOUR children secure. If it will really hurt your morals to take the job away from somebody then you should tell her this and hopefully if she loves you as much she will see your point. If she doesn’t and still threatens your marriage hkgold your stand and don’t let her control your actions, be a man! -Annie 998 words Rationale For this assignment, I chose to do an advice column where people write to â€Å"Annie† about their problems, seeking guidance. The advice seekers’ circumstances represent those of Macbeth and Annie brings to notice the lessons that can be learnt from them. She gives positive guidance whereas in the play the opposite happens. The reason behind Annie answering the questions in this way is to emphasize on the morals of the play. Annie also has a funny edge to her in a way that displays her persona. I believe she is a cheerful young lady who speaks the truth and uses humour so that people feel comfortable talking to her. The questions show my understanding of how power corrupts in Macbeth and some of the lenses whereas the answers portray my understanding of the themes. I thought an advice column was a creative way to show the message that people should take out of reading or watching Macbeth. The reason I didn’t just use actual Macbeth situations was because I was aiming it at a younger, contemporary audience so that they can understand it thoroughly and also it shows that the similar situations to the ones Shakespeare used in the past can occur in the present. The fact that the situations are realistic also gives reason to why the morals are important because they can be easily applied to daily life to make you a better, wiser person unlike Macbeth. Most advice columns have some sort of heading, mines a quote. The quote at the top of the page explains to the readers the main message of the pieces following and is the topic for that week’s advice. I did this so I could organise my writing better as well as I thought it was an imaginative start to the task.

New Zealand’s National Drug Policy (2007-2012) Analysis

New Zealand’s National Drug Policy (2007-2012) Analysis This research question requires you to read the provided case study on New Zealand’s National Drug Policy (2007-2012). Analyse and assess the strengths and weaknesses of this policy In your analysis, you are to consider the following guided questions: What is the present policy? -the present policy talks about the National Drug Policy 2007-2012. This policy discusses how the government implements methods and strategies in the control of alcohol, tobacco and drug use in a unanimous structure thru the New Zealand context. How, when, and why did the policy come into being? -According to the Methodology Report for the year 2007/08 New Zealand Alcohol and Drug Use Survey, an integrated programme of household surveys and group studies has been conducted by the Health and Disability Intelligence of the Ministry of Health. Thus, this is where the formulation of the policy has been based. This survey has also been considered a sequel of the previous ones dated years 1995, 2000 and 2004 for alcohol and drug use in the years 1998, 2001, and 2003. Furthermore, aside from the fact that the survey was the foundation for the latest national policy, it also answered the stipulated objectives which include the identification of alcohol, illicit and drug use for frivolous reasons in New Zealand; quantity and frequency of use; frequency of risky driving; type of harm for self-brought by alcohol and drug use and risk and self-seeking behaviour to combat its over usage. (Bhattacharya A., Health and Disability Intelligence, Ministry of Health 2010). What influenced policy -makers to adopt a particular course of action, what were the objectives of the policy? The result of the survey conducted by the assigned sectors from the Ministry of Health motivated policy-makers to frame actions in combatting the use of these substances. Among the objectives are for: the prevention of tobacco, alcohol and illegal drug use. the reduction of harm caused by tobacco, alcohol and illegal drug use as well as its exposure to second-hand smoking the reduction of harm towards individuals, families and community due to the consumption of the mentioned elements. the significant others and society to be prevented and remain secure by monitoring the illegitimacy of its use. Who are the policy-makers? Which, if any, interest groups do they represent? These policy-makers are people working from the Ministry of Health specifically those assigned in the Health and Disability Intelligence. Lawmakers of linkages from the central and local government agencies and non-government organizations also contributed in the making of these guidelines to be in a success. To date, these are amended from time to time by these individuals to solve issues concerning the misuse of alcohol, drugs and tobacco in this country. What have been the stages and methods, including organizational arrangements and structures, used in the policy-making process? The National Drug Policy has two parts. The first part includes the guidelines as a whole context. This includes the strategies, methods and all organizational involvements and edifices utilized during the course of making the policy. The next part talks about the flow and approach of policy in the next five years. What interested groups, if any, have been consulted and what sources and kinds of advice have been obtained? As mentioned in the policy, sectors that are affected from the central and local government agencies as well as those from non-government organizations are involved in the implementation of the strategies. Moreover, since New Zealand belongs to the three United Nations Conventions namely Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs 1961, Convention on Psychotropic Substances 1971 and Convention against the Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Substances 1998, information that is provided under the policy has been derived from these sources. In similar fashion, data gathered from these conventions guide the making of the policy in terms of implementing control measures to ensure the use of narcotic drugs and other addictive substances for medical and scientific purposes without over using it. Drug trafficking prevention measures has also helped the makers of the policy in formulating their methods for this matter. Is the process of policy-making that has been adopted the best we can hope for? How might it be improved? In my subjective opinion, reading to thru the National Drug Policy, it has provided a detailed framework on how to approach the concerns of alcohol, illegal drugs and alcohol use of New Zealand. Indeed it is a good policy yet I cannot say that this is the best policy that we can hope for since in general, things change and everything in the world is drastic. This includes the way human beings deal with these substances. For it to be improved, I believe that lawmakers must depend on the result of studies of the current time and researches concerning these elements must be perennial. Strategies and approaches should be appropriate to current situations and individuals. Is it good policy? Yes, I remain certain that this is a good policy because it covers all concerns and how it will be applied to involved individuals, their families and the society as a whole. What has it achieved? The policy has achieved a number of outcomes. First is the Smoke-free Environment Amendment Act of 2003 which restricts the use of tobacco in working areas like restaurants and bars; as well as the ways on how to prevent non-smokers to second-hand smoke. The second is the formulation of the Community Action on Youth and Drugs which encourages the involvement of communities that aim to address the ill effects of drug on the youngsters. The third is the Effective Drug Education with its goal to educate the young people, their families and the society about drugs, tobacco and alcohol use. Lastly, The Alcohol Advisory Council which is geared to address drinking culture of adults in New Zealand. Would a different policy be likely to yield better results? For whom? -I do not think that a different policy would result to better results. There is actually no need for a different policy. What is important is that the strategies molded under this policy should be implemented properly and be amended in accord to the present concerns and issues. Does the present policy need changing? Conditions will apply as to the changing of the policy. As mentioned, the making of these laws are derived from studies, surveys or researches, hence, it will need changing based upon the results of these procedures. Is it feasible to change it and in what ways? -Yes, it will be feasible for change for as well as the amendment will address the problems identified or if the methods mentioned in the policy is no longer effective. In your analysis you should also address the policy feasibility (Can it be implemented?) and plausibility (Can it be designed to make sense?). OR Complete a plan on which to develop solutions for the policy issue. (There is no requirement to develop the actual solutions). In your analytical response, you need to include the following: Describe the intervention you wish to develop (Public health interventions maybe found in intervention types such as legislation and regulation, resource allocation, financial and non-financial incentives, education, community and inter-sectoral collaboration/partnership, communication, community and organisational delivery, public policy development, engineering and technical interventions, and service development and delivery) Identify, describe and quantify the essential resources or things needed for the implementation of the policy. Identify appropriate programmes and activities that could be undertaken. Consider: Existing services that could contribute to a strategy Needed services that are possible to help implement the strategy Applicability of possible services Identify and define strategies or alternative means for achieving implementation objectives. Identify and develop policy goals and objectives Make recommendations as to the practicability and acceptability of the policy. Politics, laws and budgets If policies are the outcomes of choices that entities make to achieve their goals, then politics is the means to those ends. The product of the two (policy and politics) is usually legislation and the budgetary process that is required to support implementation. Politics is an activity whereby people achieve what they want by exerting power and influence. It involves conflict over the distribution of scarce resources. As a Healthcare professional you may be required to advocate and therefore be involved in political action. There are four major areas within which you may be asked to influence outcomes – the workplace, government, professional organisations and the community. For each of these areas, discuss and analyse the types of decision you may be asked to help influence. Workplace. The advocacy in my workplace with regards to following policies should start within myself as an individual. This should commence within me which means that I must follow the policies mandated in my workplace. Being a model of my own self I will be able to influence others to follow rules and regulations. This must be through my actions and behaviors aside from my word of mouth. In addition, policies in our workplace are important in order for the staff and all other people concerned to abide with the institutional guidelines. This will help maintain the standards of orderliness and harmony or peace in my workplace. However, there are rules that are not appropriate as to some situations. Thus, I can contribute by involving myself in committees and may express concerns or suggestions for these regulations to be reviewed. I can also join surveys or be one of the respondents for policy improvements. Government. As a Filipino, I could not help but look back on how our government runs our policies. While it is true that laws are based from general standards globally and relatively in the same concept, undeniably, even our own lawmakers do not follow their own policies that they proposed and passed in the congress. To be an advocate in following the policies of the government here in New Zealand, I can do this by being a law-abiding individual. Moreover, I can contribute more by being familiar to the government system in this country. Professional Regulation. Involvement in civic groups related to my profession is a beneficial advocacy since it will be easier for me to relate to concerns with regards to policy. Community. By all means, there are groups in the community which focuses on policy issues. I can make myself available for surveys and any other methods to make doors for policy implementation and amendments. REFERENCES: http://www.ndp.govt.nz http://www.moh.govt.nz

ovarian cancer Essay -- essays research papers

Of all gynecologic malignancies, ovarian cancer continues to have the highest mortality and is the most difficult to diagnose. In the United States female population, ovarian cancer ranks fifth in absolute mortality among cancer related deaths (13,000/yr). In most reported cases, ovarian cancer, when first diagnosed is in stages III or IV in about 60 to 70% of patients which further complicates treatment of the disease (Barber, 3). Early detection in ovarian cancer is hampered by the lack of appropriate tumor markers and clinically, most patients fail to develop significant symptoms until they reach advanced stage disease. The characteristics of ovarian cancer have been studied in primary tumors and in established ovarian tumor cell lines which provide a reproducible source of tumor material. Among the major clinical problems of ovarian cancer, malignant progression, rapid emergence of drug resistance, and associated cross-resistance remain unresolved. Ovarian cancer has a high frequency of metastasis yet generally remains localized within the peritoneal cavity. Tumor development has been associated with aberrant, dysfunctional expression and/or mutation of various genes. This can include oncogene overexpression, amplification or mutation, aberrant tumor suppressor expression or mutation. Also, subversion of host antitumor immune responses may play a role in the pathogenesis of cancer (Sharp, 77). Ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma was first described by...

My Philosophy :: Education Teaching Essays

My Philosophy Education is important because it serves as a foundation for your quality of life. The over all purpose of any education is to teach children the world. It gives you a structure that is always changing as you learn more and more everyday. I want to become a physical education and health teacher because I feel that the education of a healthy lifestyle and active play need to be incorporated into everyone’s lives. I hope to provide students with the knowledge they need to stay healthy and to desire to be that way. What is my philosophy in teaching? Well, I am eclectic and have a few that I fit into. I find mainly that I am a progressivist. I also agree with certain aspects from the philosophical stances idealism, realism, and existentialism. Being a physical education major, I really do not see how I could become a traditional teacher. I do not picture myself taking on much of a democratic role, especially in the gym setting that I would primarily be in. I assume that I will tak e up the role of a facilitating teacher and have student centered activities where we will learn new things together. I plan to give my students the freedom to make their own decisions for the most part, because no one is going to have fun and want to participate much at all if they are not in an enjoyable setting. There will be rules that my students and I will determine together, and these are what will remain for the entire duration of the class as long as they do not take advantage of the rules or myself. In a way, I will give my students the opportunity to lead their class, as long as they do it responsibly and do not get out of hand. I think that my curricular area is important because of the rise of childhood obesity in the United States today. I hope to contribute, in a way, to the decline of obesity in the future. As a teacher I hope to accomplish the impossible, as I am sure that everyone sets out to do in any field. I want students to leave my class feeling like I care about them and that they belong in my class as well. I want to be one of the teachers that the students look up to and feel comfortable and at ease around. My Philosophy :: Education Teaching Essays My Philosophy Education is important because it serves as a foundation for your quality of life. The over all purpose of any education is to teach children the world. It gives you a structure that is always changing as you learn more and more everyday. I want to become a physical education and health teacher because I feel that the education of a healthy lifestyle and active play need to be incorporated into everyone’s lives. I hope to provide students with the knowledge they need to stay healthy and to desire to be that way. What is my philosophy in teaching? Well, I am eclectic and have a few that I fit into. I find mainly that I am a progressivist. I also agree with certain aspects from the philosophical stances idealism, realism, and existentialism. Being a physical education major, I really do not see how I could become a traditional teacher. I do not picture myself taking on much of a democratic role, especially in the gym setting that I would primarily be in. I assume that I will tak e up the role of a facilitating teacher and have student centered activities where we will learn new things together. I plan to give my students the freedom to make their own decisions for the most part, because no one is going to have fun and want to participate much at all if they are not in an enjoyable setting. There will be rules that my students and I will determine together, and these are what will remain for the entire duration of the class as long as they do not take advantage of the rules or myself. In a way, I will give my students the opportunity to lead their class, as long as they do it responsibly and do not get out of hand. I think that my curricular area is important because of the rise of childhood obesity in the United States today. I hope to contribute, in a way, to the decline of obesity in the future. As a teacher I hope to accomplish the impossible, as I am sure that everyone sets out to do in any field. I want students to leave my class feeling like I care about them and that they belong in my class as well. I want to be one of the teachers that the students look up to and feel comfortable and at ease around.

Occupational, safety, and security at work place

This boils to the fact that a rocker will perform his duties to the fullest only when he Is sure that even when an accident occurs he will be taken good care of. â€Å"One of the most important things that an employer should provide to his employees Is safety even at a low risk site† says Pushup Vela the human resource assistant at Prime Aluminum Ltd.Brief History of Safety and security is that one of the effects of the Europeans coming course of time it was discovered that it was absolutely necessary to safeguard the interest of both the employer and the employee, hence the introduction of the arioso means of regulating employer-employee relationship.Initially, it was thought that the employees were being made objects of servitude but in the long run it became apparent that this sort of relationship requires the incorporation of rules to avoid either party being cheated out rightly. Labor law which was fashioned to ameliorate the prevalent crisis engulfing the industry in Eng land at a time was adopted in Nigeria as a direct consequence of colonialism by the United Kingdom. 1. Purpose of the Study The purpose of this study is to seek and to find out whether there are challenges inherent in this area that a human resource manager faces in his day to day routine duties within the organization thereby suggesting possible solutions that sought to overcome some of the challenges and well as providing some recommendations for the organization and to discuss and understand how Prime Aluminum Ltd deals with their occupational safety, health and security policy and what process it uses to achieve the broad objective of getting the relationship between employee and the employer and based on Prime aluminum Ltd. . 3 Scope of the Study By working on the term paper, Vive been able to understand how the policy has been incorporated in the institution, the challenges faced in the human resource department in implementation of such a policy, the presentation of some of t he solutions as well as some of the recommendations Vive been able to come up in the course of my research. When I carried out this research, I experienced some scopes in the area of this report.Bearing in mind the acquaintance and time of the paper has been wide- ranging specifically within the revision challenges inherent in the area of occupational health, safety and security suggesting the possible solutions as this rear basically deals with the top management level and low management. Being a student of Human Resource Management class, I got a chance to work with the Assistant Head of Human Resource, Mrs†¦Pushup Villain, where I got a chance and experience to engage on a one on one interview where she took me through the occupational health, safety and security policy and processes and how it makes sure they achieve their goals in the organization. 2. 0 Focus on Organization 2. 1 About Prime Aluminum Ltd Prime Aluminum Ltd has over 40 years of experience in their team of s pecialists;Prime Aluminum Casements Limited (PACE) has built a reputation of providing high quality solutions for aluminum windows, doors, structural glazing, curtain walling, ceilings, partitioning, claddings, office fit-outs and external fade related requirements across all building sectors. It is located on Mambas road as well as Lemur road. Prime prides itself in accomplishments and finding high quality solutions for all aluminum windows, doors, structural glazing, curtain walling, requirements for clients in an equitable, environmentally friendly, socially responsible and economical manner.Improve working conditions that are necessary to ensure higher labor productivity, better quality work, healthier labor relations and compliance with quality standards. Health and safety in the workplace is no more a new thing or issue in organizations but it is still handled as a new topic in, Prime Aluminum of today all because of the way it is being practiced. However, there appears to be some gradual improvement in awareness and practice. This part of this research work is meant to examine and describe the law as it relates to health and safety at work 3. FindingsResearch Questions Analysis This part of the study presents the response of the HER of Prime aluminum on safety health and security policies distributed questionnaires and as obtained from the interview How do Security policy, health and safety help with strategic decision making? Pushup: Strategic decision making is all about risk management. Getting the right information on Security policy, health and safety improves the chances of success, and helps to prevent accidents – which every business needs to do because accidents are so costly, in all sorts of ways that many organizations do not realize before one occurs including Prime . He goal of the company is to focus on health of all the employees so as to get employers who are fit to do the Job. For example we had an employee who was injured where he was working in the site. He was a very potential employer but due to less safety we lost him. Thus we are now struggling to get one who did such a great Job which is costing us a lot. What is the perception of the employees on health and safety issues and policies? Pushup: This part of this research work is meant to examine and describe the law as it relates to health and safety at work.By law, employers have to protect employees' health, safety and welfare at work. They have to make sure the workplace is safe and without risk to health. As part of this duty, employers must: 1. Keep dust, fumes and noise under control 2. Make sure that plant and machinery are safe and regularly maintained, and that the systems used in the workplace are safe 3. Provide protective clothing where necessary 4. Report certain diseases and injuries to the relevant authority 5.Provide adequate first aid equipment and facilities At sites where heavy machinery are being used; it is certain that the level is higher cause of the mechanical movement of parts of such machinery and therefore for the employee that will be monitoring or operating such machinery will be exposed to accidents. In a case like this, it should be known that the level of safety that will be provided will be much more than that of a site where ordinary hand tools are been used.Based on the above, we now understand that the level of Safety and Health protection will be higher nowadays because of the rapid mechanization of the manufacturing industry and the accidents that may occur will definitely be more fatal elicits. Do health and safety career problems actually reach the top and directors? Pushup: Health and safety is one crucial element of the mix of skills, along with finance, marketing and human resources, for example. It is becoming increasingly important because this could cost the firm a lot. UT in most cases the top directors are hard to reach because they are normally out of own doing business and it get s difficult for the HER to focus both on the workers at the sites and at the office. But these problems are normally taken care of at the end of the day. Could you give some examples of the biggest safety risks being faced by leaders? Pushup: employees undoubtedly face their biggest risks while driving for work. There is a very personal effect on individual directors – a director can set an appropriate example – or an inappropriate one.For example, if they speed to reach yet another meeting, or if they work long hours and drive a long way home after exhausting meetings. Directors have the legal responsibility if things go wrong and police will prosecute if, for example, a driver falls asleep at the wheel because of an over-long working day. What can they do about it other than set an example? Pushup: One of Prime aluminum's key issues is the management of occupational road risk – driving for work – which is why we offer a full range of solutions which can be targeted at those deemed to be the highest risk.These range from consultancy to driver training, and also computer-based driver risk assessments, which can be the cheapest, but most effective, way to start. What comes after that? Pushup Consider again the director who is a keen motorcyclist – if he or she suffers an accident it could bring the business to its knees! From Prime aluminum's work with its key major award winners we know that one in five accidents occurs in the home or while at leisure, so if we can reduce those, then the negative cost that accidents cause the workplace can be greatly reduced as well. What sort of training is available to directors?Pushup: Because directors have limited time available they will often not be able to go on pre-scheduled safety training courses. Prime aluminum addresses this through two routes: Conferences, where directors can network and key new developments can be highlighted by top speakers such as leading personal injury arre sters and FETES 100 leading company case studies given by their chief executives Tailored consultancy and in-company safety training means that companies can have a day or two of intensive focus on health and safety which is exactly right for their business.All of these options make directors aware of their legal duties and responsibilities, as well as the savings they could make if safety is properly managed, and the positive benefits of doing it properly. 4. 0 Challenges and solutions at Prime Aluminum Ltd security of his employees. Health and safety form an integral part of work environment. A work environment should enhance the well -being of employees and thus should be accident free.The terms health, safety and security are closely related to each other. Health is the general state of well-being. It not only includes physical well-being, but also emotional and mental well-being. Safety refers to the act of protecting the physical well-being of an employee. It will include the risk of accidents caused due to machinery, fire or diseases. Security refers to protecting facilities and equipments from unauthorized access and protecting employees while they are on work.According to Folia, & et al (1993), asserted that a proper understanding of the various work situations in manufacturing, textile, mining, construction and other labor intensive industries reveal that workers are exposed to hazards. These include: physical contact with poisons, dust inhalation, exposure to organic and inorganic chemicals, extreme temperatures of hot or cold, accidents, injuries, falls, burns and scalds, other dangers and sudden death. However, the health and safety of the workers have been recognized as a fundamental human right.The need to foster a safe work environment, protect co-workers, family members, employers, customers, suppliers, nearby communities and other members f the public impacted by the workplace environment is the primary goal of all Occupational Health and Saf ety(OH)practice An integrated occupational health and safety policy is essential for developing a stable and productive work environment. The government has in recent time enacted laws regulating the labor market and it has also been revised to promote healthier labor relations, appropriate working conditions, equity in the workplace and improved skills.Improved working conditions are necessary to ensure higher labor productivity, better quality work, healthier Barbour relations and compliance with quality standards. The economic gains associated with occupational health and safety policy improvements include: a. Increased productivity and worker morale; b. Reduction of working time lost due to injury and disease; c. Reduced equipment down-time, reduced damages to materials and machinery, and savings in the costs of recruiting and training replacement employees; d. Reduction in transaction costs such as insurance costs and legal fees.Adequate occupational health and safety policy an d standards are required for a nation's continued integration into the world economy. International investors who subscribe to world- class occupational health and safety standards are reluctant to invest in markets in which local firms are able to compete unfairly through reduced occupational health and safety standards. Increasingly, African exporters particularly those who export to developed economies are being required to comply with international quality management standards.These standards require world-class performance in areas such as occupational health and safety policy, environmental protection and product safety A health and safety management system involves the introduction of processes designed to decrease the incidence of injury and illness in the employer's operation (Alberta, 2006). The successful implementation of this resources, and a high level of employee participation. The components of effective health and safety management system are briefly explained below : a.Management leadership and organizational commitment. For this system to be effective, management must show leadership and commitment to the program. To achieve this, management should put the organization's expectation around health and safety into writing by developing a health and safety policy. Employees who forms part of the health and safety committee, should be involved in writing the policy, and to be signed by senior operating officer, to indicate the commitment of management. B.

Finding Nemo Essay

Finding Nemo is a film where a clown fish named Marlin living in the Great Barrier Reef loses his son, Nemo at a school excursion to the open sea. After Marlin’s despite warnings about the danger of the sea, Nemo gets taken away by a bunch of divers taken back to a Sydney dentist office. When his son was taken away from him, Marlin goes on a journey to rescue him. Throughout the journey Marlin has his up and downs but in the end he learns how to not be afraid and to let go and believe through humour from Dory, a lost fish he met at the start of his journey. A journey is defined as a transition from one place to another and Finding Nemo directly relates to this from its plot line, a physical journey from point A to point B and how much Marlin changes on the journey. At the start of the film he is a cautious father, understandably though as Nemo is the only offspring he has left after a shark ate his wife and all their eggs. Marlin does everything to keep his only son safe and sets out clear boundaries. Once his son is captured Marlin goes to extreme lengths to get him back and on the way changes as a person. He meets all sorts of animals he never though he would meet or see and learns from each and every one of them. For example, Dory, a lost and confused fish who has no real direction in life due to her terrible memory and absent presence of mind. Dory miraculously remembers everything when she is around marlin and proves to him that not everything is as bad as it seems and to look at the bright side of life instead of only the negatives. An example of this is â€Å"P.Sherman 42 Wallaby Way, Sydney†, the location of Nemo. Marlin was only looking at the negatives of the situation like the distance getting there, the fact that they might get eaten, losing their way and ending up in the middle of the sea instead, being stuck with a lunatic who will not let him be by himself for any period of time and not reaching his son whilst dory provides a positive aspect to the film with her cluelessness and innocence. Dory becomes an influential character because she shapes Marlin’s way of thinking through her speaking manner, recklessness and her willingness to try new things. Dory’s humour allows marlin to let go and believe in fate. An example of this is comparing Marlin at the start to the end of the text. At the start he is dull, boring and only concerned about his boy, when asked to tell a joke to Nemo’s friends’ Dads he responds with a terrible, boring joke that no one finds humorous. He treats the dads with complete disregard doesn’t try very hard to communicate with them. A changing for all this was the run-in with the sword fish, they told Marlin outright he was being rude to Dory and he should always remember to take care of her.

SLP 3 HRM - 403 Don&apos;t let them just eat cake, designing a Essay

SLP 3 HRM - 403 Don't let them just eat cake, designing a compensation package for expatriates - Essay Example The compensation program developed provides incentive that gives expatriates to work outside the country and must pay well to help them offset their bills and maintain high living conditions in those countries, besides incidences of insecurity risks. Offering international compensation is regarded as internal rate of return as they are highly valued by employee’s performing international duties. It influences the organization’s culture, motivation and performance, and recruitment and selection of competent employees. (Dowling, & Welch, 1999) This is delineated as the amount of money received by an expatriate in the home country. It is affected by the exchange rates. The salaries in the designed package will be paid in home currency. The base pay is also the benchmark through, which helps in the calculation of benefits and bonuses. This is also referred to indirect compensation. It constitutes a portion of international compensation, usually a third of base salary. Benefits include entertainment, gifts, festival celebrations, telephone, and vehicles among others. An employee is likely to stay with an employer that is sensitive to its direct benefits. (Harzing, 2006) This is regarded by this scheme as an important feature of expatriate compensation. Cost of living is the most common allowance provided to expatriates, which help expatriates adjust so that they can enjoy same standards of living as in their home country. Some of these benefits include; reallocation allowance, housing, spouse, and home leave allowance. This refers to an additional payment that is accrued to employees I order to increase the output. Incentives can be either in monetary and non-monetary terms. Incentives will give expatriates reason to remain in the organization. This refers to an inducement, mostly in form of salary so as to accept overseas assignments. Expatriates working in countries, which are hostile to

Human Resources Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Human Resources - Research Paper Example One of the core roles of HR is to support workplace safety teaching and upholding rules for workplace injury and casualty reporting. Moreover, HR safety and risk experts often work closely with HR to manage compensation issues for the workers. Compliance with work and employment regulations is a key HR function. Failure to comply result in employee’s and general dissatisfaction with working settings that affect output and eventually, profitability. HR team must be alert of national and government employment rules and many other rules and regulations (Lussier, & Hendon, 2013).All personnel people participate in research activities. HR conduct research to get evidences and information about employees details in order to come up with and maintain a program that works. Through a well-designed research for instance survey, worker’s views can be collected on salaries, welfare services among others. It is therefore the sole duty of the HR to collect wholesome and current employee records are essential for most personnel functions. â€Å"Human resource managers must also create, administer and improve your compensation and benefit structures. Retaining excellent associates depends on many factors. Outstanding pay and benefits are two critical factors that will ultimately determine how well your employees feel about your organization and the likelihood that they will remain with your company in the future† Mondy & Gowan (2005). Constructing an effective compensation system and determining the best benefits package for all of your employees are skills that are mandatory for your HR manage It is very expensive to recruit employees. It is also a significant component of business and doing it properly counts. Choosing the right employee for a particular job, training them well and appropriately treating them, motivate these employees to produce good results and want to stay longer in the organization. In such situations, the organization’s original and

Communcation ethics and society Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Communcation ethics and society - Assignment Example Despite being the newspaper’s employee, â€Å"her opinions are her own† (Sullivan, â€Å"About the Public Editor†). If the position serves its true purpose, the results and effects of having a public editor is toward ensuring journalistic credibility and integrity. It also gives the newspaper a more positive reputation in the eyes of the readers. A journalist’s ethics greatly affect the newspaper and its readers because the ethical standards are what guarantee accuracy, fairness, and clarity in journalism. Q1: In the diffusion of innovation theory, can it be assumed that information that the masses receive are already fated from the beginning (Fuchs 13), thus leaving the masses with no choice regarding what is presented to them? Q2: According to the media information utility theory, people in urban locations turn to various forms of media for information (Fuchs 16). With the influx of social networking sites providing vast amounts of information to people (Fuchs 18), how can newspapers guarantee that they are not swayed by the want and need to provide â€Å"breaking news† (that proliferate in such sites) in order to

Fundamentals of Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Fundamentals of Economics - Essay Example Aside from prices, there are a host of factors that may either push for an upward or downward effect on the volume of demand or supply exerted towards the market. Among the determinants for demand include taste and preference of consumers, income level of consumers, availability of substitute products, and population. For supply, the determinants include, but are not limited to, production cost, taxes and subsidies, number of producers or suppliers, available technology, and prices of substitutes. Applying some principles in marketing, demand can further be described or categorized as latent demand, and effective demand. While consumers may want to have a number of units of a particular commodity constituting the latent demand for that commodity, only consumers who have the capacity to pay for that commodity at a price level producers are willing to supply will constitute the effective demand. Elasticity, on the other hand, can be simply defined as the degree of change on the volume of demand or supply of a particular product in relation to changes in the behavior of its determinants. For example, a product that has an elastic demand is a product whose volume or quantity being demanded in the market has increased tremendously due to a lower tag price offer in the market. At the same time, such product with elastic demand would have a tremendous decrease in volume of quantity demanded should its price suddenly becomes a bit more than what it previously offered to the market. In other words, elasticity can be described or defined as the degree of changes in the volume of quantity demanded or supplied given the degree of changes in its determinants. Elasticity determined by changes in prices has been referred to as price elasticity, as shown in the example that has been mentioned above. Demand or supply behavior that